White matter diseases

Multiple Sclerosis Enhancing Lesions

Multiple enhancing intracranial lesions of multiple sclerosis, some showing the classic incomplete rim enhancement pattern

Multiple Sclerosis with Optic Neuritis

A case of multiple sclerosis with active left sided optic neuritis (@Key Finding 1, @Key Finding 5). Notice that the patient has MS lesion in the periventricular (@Key Finding 4) and infratentorial (@Key Finding 3) distribution so meets dissemination in space.

Balo's concentric sclerosis

Balo's concentric sclerosis

Nice demonstration of concentric rings of Balo's concentric sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis with central vein sign

High resolution MRI showing central vein sign on the SWI (@Key Finding 1)

Tumefactive demyelinating lesion

Tumefactive demyelinating lesion demonstrating paucity of mass effect for size (@Key Finding 3) and incomplete ring enhancement (@Key Finding 1, @Key Finding 2).

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO)

Intracranial lesions that can be seen with NMO (peri-ependymal @Key Finding 1 and peri-acqueductal @Key Finding 2)

Neuromyelitis optica (optic neuritis + cord lesion + intracranial lesion)

Nice case showing typical features of NMO including optic neuritis (@Key Finding 2), longitudinally extensive cord myelitis (@Key Finding 3, @Key Finding 4), and peri-ependymal corpus callosal lesion (@Key Finding 1, note the confluent nature as opposed to the focal abnormalities in MS)

MOGAD

A case of MOGAD with subtle juxtacortical white matter (@Key Finding 1) and spinal cord (@Key Finding 2, @Key Finding 3) lesions. This particular case is quite nonspecific.

Multiple sclerosis with FLAIR hypointense lesions

A case of multiple sclerosis with FLAIR hypointense lesions (@Key Finding 1). FLAIR hypointense lesions likely represent more severe damage.

MOGAD with "fluffy" lesion

A case of MOGAD with typical large poorly demarcated ("fluffy") lesion.